Pinwormis a frequent guest in groups of children. This is a resident of small and large intestines of medium size (up to 1 cm long), lays eggs, leaving the rectum, in the folds of skin, underwear and beds. This occurs most often at night, accompanied by severe itching in the anus. Worm eggs mature after 4-6 hours and are ready to cause disease, they are perfectly stored in the environment. They enter the human body with dust, with dirty hands, through soft toys, footwear, dishes.
Making a diagnosis - requires skin cleansing around the anus and examination under a microscope, at least 3 times at 3-day intervals.
When worm eggs are found, the entire infected family should be examined.
In the world, about 350 million people are infected with enterobiasis, when one family member is infected, the risk of the disease for all families is very high.
Toxocarais a parasite in the dog digestive system. In the US and Europe, 80% of puppies and more than 50% of adult dogs have toxocariasis. Human surveys have shown that up to 37% of the population is sensitive to the Toxocara antigen. This means that these people were or are now carriers of toxocara.
To make a diagnosis, stool analysis is not at all informative, a biopsy of the affected organs (usually the liver) and immunological tests are needed.
The most tragic is the relocation of the toxocarium in the eye (out of 15% of cases of eye removal in the world is due to toxocariasis), lesions of the lungs, heart, brain, muscles are also unpleasant - fever, cough, enlarged liver, inflammation of the lymph nodes, skin rash, nervous and mental disorders, convulsions.
Ascaris - a parasite
Ascaris- affects up to 100 million people a year. It enters a person with food (usually herbs, vegetables and unripe fruits), raw water, dirty hands, dust and is actively carried by flies. The length of roundworms is up to 40 cm, a female worm secretes up to 200, 000 eggs every day, which enter the soil and are well stored in it for years. The ingested worm egg turns into a larva in the small intestine, then penetrates the intestinal wall, enters the blood capillaries, is transferred to the liver, brain, eyes, heart and lungs. In the process of movement, roundworms feed on blood - erythrocytes and nutrients. Anemia (anemia) is a common accompaniment of ascariasis.
Larval migration causes allergies in humans, pain throughout the body, fever, increased risk of asthma, arthritis, neurodermatitis, eczema, seizures. If it enters the lungs due to rupture of blood vessels, hemorrhages and hemoptysis are possible, in x-rays - infiltrates, as in a tuberculous process.
Moving along the bronchi to the pharynx, round saliva worms enter the mouth and from there - into the esophagus, stomach and intestines. In the intestine, roundworms are held, resting on the intestinal walls, causing inflammation, infiltration, and hemorrhage. Complications are possible when roundworms enter the nasal sinuses, liver, bile ducts, pancreas, and kidneys. There are intestinal obstructions, suppurative processes in the abdominal cavity. Diagnosis is based on fecal analysis (at least 3 times), immunological tests - in the larval period.
Maple - a parasite
Bracelets- can enter a person through the skin when walking barefoot (leaving no trace), as well as, like a roundworm, through the mouth. Worm sizes - up to 1. 5 cm, migrate and damage in the same way as roundworms. A feature is a symptom such as a itchy rash on the limbs and more pronounced anemia.
Stool analysis, as for most invasions, should be performed at least 3 times.
Wide strip - parasite
Wide tapeis a large liver,an individual is up to 10 meters tall, life expectancy in the human body is up to 25 years.Can you imagine what happens to a person if there are so many great centenarians within?
Imagine how the worm is twisted in the intestine, how little space remains in the lumen of the human intestine! If the worm is "directed", then half of its length will stay out! By the way, the worm absorbs all the necessary and useful substances for itself from the entire surface of the body.
You can become infected by eating raw, undercooked fish, lobster and caviar. Symptoms of the presence of a tapeworm can be anemia, exhaustion, abdominal pain, especially should be reported signs such as increased saliva in the morning, vomiting, nausea, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness. Intestinal obstruction is possible.
A stunning effect on an unprepared person is produced by releasing the cut "tail" of the parasite from the intestines - this is a feature of worms that helps establish a diagnosis.
Cattle and pig strips are parasites
Beef and pork ribs are parasites that enter the human body with raw meat, meat products, lard.
The length of an adult bovine tapeworm is up to 7 meters, that of a pig tapeworm is up to 2 meters, the lifespan is up to 20 years, and the main risk is in larval migration, ofwhich are able to penetrate both the eye and the brain.
Echinococcus and Alveococcus - parasites
Echinococcus and alveococcus are parasites that a person becomes infected by contact with animal carriers, drinking contaminated water, swallowing soil with berries and vegetables.
Larvae from the gut are carried by the bloodstream throughout the body, entering the liver, lungs, kidneys, bones and brain. The larva turns into a cyst, which grows by pushing and squeezing the surrounding tissue. Symptoms depend on the location of the cyst and the degree of organ pressure.
Cyst rupture is a very terrible complication.
Giardia - a parasite
Giardiais the simplest flagellar class parasitic animal. It is pear-shaped, 10–20 μm long; the dorsal side is convex, the ventral side is concave and forms a suction cup for temporary connection to the epithelial cells of the host intestine. 2 oval nuclei, 4 pairs of flagella. Lives in the human intestine (mainly in children), mainly in the duodenum, less frequently in the bile duct and gallbladder, causing giardiasis. Asymptomatic parasitic carriers are common. Cyst infection occurs when protozoa enter the lower intestine through the mouth when contaminated food or water enters the body, as well as through contaminated hands, etc. The incidence is sporadic. Giardiasis is common in all parts of the world.